USBT, GGSIPU

Prof. N. Raghuram

Prof. N. Raghuram Designation: Professor and Head, Centre for Sustainable Nitrogen and Nutrient Management

Subject : Functional Genomics and Molecular Biology

Educational Qualification: M.Sc. (Life Sciences), M.Phil in Zoology (Mol. Biol., Gen. Engg.), Ph.D. in Life Sciences (Plant Mol. Biol.)

Email: raghuram98@hotmail.com; raghuram@ipu.ac.in

Google Scholar Profile: https://scholar.google.co.in/citations?user=5C9y4_QAAAAJ&hl=en

Former Dean (USBT); Former Chair, International Nitrogen Initiative (http://www.initrogen.org)

Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zGtnRzCJRiE

Phone: +91-11-25302308

Specialization Functional Genomics & molecular biology

Official Address: University School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Dwarka, Sector-16C, Delhi- 110078, India

Research Interest:

Plant signal transduction, gene expression and nitrogen use efficiency. The main research focus of his lab has been in the functional biology of nitrogen metabolism in rice, using a combination of biochemical, molecular, genetic, genomic and bioinformatic approaches. Another area of interest has been in the functional genomics of G-protein and GPCR signalling in rice and Arabidopsis. He also collaborates with biomedical scientists, computational physicists and biologists. His broader interests include health, environment, education, science dissemination and policy. His publications include 64 articles in refereed journals, 14 books, 32 book chapters, 8 microarrays (GEO), 16 sequences (GenBank), 34 other articles and 10 book reviews. He received over 3321 citations from over 50 countries, with a h index of 27 and i10 Index of 58

Academic & Professional background

He obtained his M.Sc.(Life Sci.) Ed from NCERT (Utkal University, 1984) and worked on the cloning and expression of bacterial cellulase genes for his M.Phil (University of Pune, 1987). As a Research Associate at the Thapar Corporate R&D Centre, Patiala (1987-88), he isolated osmotolerant yeasts and developed the technology for ethanol production from molasses using whole-cell immobilized column bioreactor, which was eventually commercialized. He obtained his Ph.D in Life Sciences (Jawaharlal Nehru University, 1994), for his work on signal transduction and regulation of nitrate reductase gene expression in maize. After a brief post-doctoral stint as a CSIR Research Associate at JNU, he moved to the Centre for Science and Environment, New Delhi, as Research Associate and Correspondent for its magazine, Down to Earth (1995-97). Between 1997 and 2002, he worked as a Lecturer at the Department of Life Sciences, University of Mumbai, where he designed curricula and taught molecular biology and biochemistry at the Masters level. He was a visiting guest faculty at the Centre for Biotechnology, JNU in 2001, where he designed and taught a course in plant biotechnology at the Masters level. He was a INSA-Royal Society Visiting Fellow at the IACR-LARS, UK, in 2001. He taught 18 courses for B.Tech/M.Tech/M.Sc./Ph.D and mentored 54 researchers for Ph.D/ M.Tech/M.Sc./B.Tech so far in 3 universities and held research projects and consultancies from government and industry. As a Co-founder of the Indian Nitrogen Group, Director of the South Asian Nitrogen Centre and Steering Committee member of the UNEP Global Partnership on Nutrient Management, he facilitated interdisciplinary international consultations on the research and policy aspects of reactive nitrogen and other nutrients in agriculture, industry and environment. As the Editor-in-Chief of the Springer journal, Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, he put it among the top few plant journals in Asia and ahead of 272 globally. As Vice President, Society for Scientific Values, he enhanced its reputation in India and abroad.

AWARDS AND RECOGNITIONS:

Founder Head, Centre for sustainable nitrogen and nutrient management, USBT, GGSIPU (since July 2022)
Member, Interministerial National Steering Committee on Sustainable Nitrogen Management (2021-2024)
Chair, International Nitrogen Initiative (2019-2022), Conference Chair, N2021 and N2024
Member DBT committees on HRD and extramural projects
Editor-in-Chief of the Springer journal, Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants since 2006.
Awarded Springer-Nature Badge for Editorial Excellence of PMBP for 3 years in a row (2019-2022)
Guest Editor for special issues of Frontiers in Plant Sci, Sustainability, Environ. Res Lett and Env. Res. Commun
President, Sustainable India Trust (since 2021) and Society for Conservation of Nature, New Delhi
Awarded Springer-Nature Badge for Editorial Excellence of PMBP (2019)
INSA Teachers Award (2017), Indian National Science Academy
Co-lead, Indian, South Asian and Global Nitrogen Assessments
Member, Steering Committee, UNEP-GPNM (2013 onwards).
Profiled in the US journal, Science Special Section on Education (July 2007).
Profiled and interviewed on Rajya Sabha TV
Best Teacher Award, GGS Indraprastha University (India, 2004).
INSA-Royal Society (UK) visiting fellowship awardee (2001).
Best Poster Award, Society of Biological Chemists (India, 1997).
CSIR post-doctoral Research Associateship awardee (1995).

SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS :

Shanker, A.K., Sathee, L., Jain, V., Raghuram, N. (2024). Plant Nutrient Use Efficiency in the Era of Climate Change. Editorial, Front. Plant Sci. 15: 1402868. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1402868 (PDF)
Prasanna, J.A., Mandal, V.K., Kumar, D., Chakraborty, N. and Raghuram, N. (2023). Nitrate-responsive transcriptome analysis of rice RGA1 mutant reveals the role of G-alpha subunit in negative-regulation of nitrogen-sensitivity and use efficiency. Plant Cell Reports 42: 1987�2010. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-023-03078-7. (PDF)
Sharma, N., Madan, B., Khan, M.S., Sandhu, K.S. and Raghuram, N. (2023). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis of nitrogen (N)-responsive genes and the putative role of G-quadruplexes in NUE in rice Front. Plant Sci. 14: 1135675. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1135675 (PDF)
Gawdiya, S., Kumar, D., Shivay, Y.S., Bhatia, A., Mehrotra, S., Chandra, M.S., Kumawat, A., Kumar, R., Price, A., Raghuram, N., Pathak, H. and Sutton, M.A. (2023). Field-Based Evaluation of Rice Genotypes for Enhanced Growth, Yield Attributes, Yield and Grain Yield Efficiency Index in Irrigated Lowlands of the Indo-Gangetic Plains. Sustainability 15 (11), 8793; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15118793. (PDF)
Sharma, N., Jaiswal, D.K., Kumari, S., Dash, GK, Panda, S, Anandan, A. and Raghuram, N. (2023). Genomewide Urea Response in Rice Genotypes Contrasting for Nitrogen Use Efficiency. Int. J. Mol. Sci. (PDF).
Chakraborty, N. and Raghuram, N. (2022). Life, Death and Resurrection of Plant GPCRs. Plant Mol. Biol. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-022-01323-3.
Sharma, N., Kumari, S., Jaiswal, D.K and Raghuram, N. (2022). Comparative Transcriptomic Analyses of Nitrate-response in Rice Genotypes with Contrasting Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE) Reveals Common and Genotype-specific Processes, Molecular Targets and NUE-candidates. Front. Plant Sci. 12:881204. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.881204
Winiwarter, W., Amon, B., Bodirsky, B.L., Friege, H., Geupel, M., Lassaletta, L., Raghuram, N. (2022). Focus on Reactive Nitrogen and the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Editorial: Reactive Nitrogen in the environment: challenges, threats and solutions. Environ. Res. Lett. 17 (5): 050401 (PDF)
Bansal, S., Raghuram, N., Adhya, T.K., Rahman, M.M., Tshering, D., Dahal, K.R., Wakeel, A., Shazly, A., Safi, Z., Nissanka, S., Pathak., H., Aziz, T., Naher, U.A., Dandeniya, W., Biswas, J.C., Taneja, J., Panda., A.N., Kaushik, H. (2022). Long-term trends of nitrous oxide emission from fuel combustion in South Asia. Environ. Res. Lett. 17 (4): 045028. doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac5cf7
Raghuram, N., Aziz, T., Kant, S., Zhou, J., Schmidt, S. (2022). Editorial: Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Sustainable Nitrogen Management in Crop Plants. Front. Plant Sci. 13:862091. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.862091.
Yang A.L, Raghuram, N., Porter, S., Adhya, T.K., Bansal, S., Panda, A. Nissanka, S. Shazly, A., Hassan R., Watto, M.A., Anik, A.R., Joshi, R., Jayaweera, A., Pokhrel, A., Kaushik, H., Kanter, D., Chowdhury, S., Sharmin, S., Das, S., & Jeffery R. (2022). Policies to combat nitrogen pollution in South Asia: Gaps and opportunities. Environ. Res. Lett. 17: 025007 doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac48b2
Mandal, V,K., Jangam, A.P., Chakraborty, N., and Raghuram, N. (2022). Nitrate-responsive transcriptome analysis reveals additional genes/processes and associated traits viz. height, tillering, heading date, stomatal density and yield in japonica rice. Planta 255:42. (PDF)
Kumari, S., Sharma, N. and Raghuram, N. (2021). Meta-analysis of yield-related and N-responsive genes reveals chromosomal hotspots, key processes and candidate genes for nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in rice. Front. Plant Sci. 11, 627955. (link: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.627955/full)
Udvardi, M., Below, F.E., Castellano, M., Eagle, A., Giller, K.E., 2 Ladha, J.K., Liu, X., Maaz, T.M., Nova-Franco, B., Raghuram, N., Robertson, G.P., Saha, M., Roy, S., Schmidt, S., Tegeder, M., York, L.M., and Peters, J. (2021). A research road map for responsible use of agricultural nitrogen. Front. Sustain. Food Syst. 5:660155. (link: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2021.660155/full).
Moring, A., Hooda, S., Raghuram, N., Adhya, T.K., Ahmad, A., Bandyopadhyay, S.K., Barsby, T., Beig, G. Bentley, A., Bhatia, A., Dragosits, U., Drewer, J., Foulkes, J., Ghude, S., Gupta, R., Jain, N., Kumar, D., Kumar, R.M., Ladha, J.K., Mandal, P.K., Neeraja, C.N., Pandey, R., Pathak, H, Pawar, P., Pellny, T.K., Poole, P., Price, A., Rao, D.L.N., Reay, D.S., Singh, N.K., Sinha, S.K., Srivastava, R., Shewry, P., Smith, J., Steadman, C.E., Subrahmanyam, D., Surekha, K., Karnam, V., Singh, V., Uwizeye, A., Vieno, M., Sutton, M.A. (2021). Nitrogen challenges and opportunities for agricultural and environmental science in India. Front. Sustain. Food Syst. 5:505347. (link: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2021.505347/full).
Pathak, R,R., Mandal, V., Jangam, A.P., Sharma, N., Madan, B., Jaiswal, D.K. and Raghuram, N. (2021). Heterotrimeric G-protein α subunit (RGA1) regulates tiller development, yield, cell wall, nitrogen response and biotic stress in rice. Sci. Reports 11, 2323 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81824-1.
Raghuram, N. Sutton, M.A., Jeffery, R., Ramachandran, R., Adhya, T.K. (2021). From South Asia to the world: embracing the challenge of global sustainable nitrogen management. One Earth, 4(1): 22-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2020.12.017.
Sutton, M.A., Howard, C.M., Kanter, D.R., Lassaletta, L., Moring, A., Raghuram, N., Read, N., (2021). The nitrogen decade: mobilizing global action on nitrogen to 2030 and beyond. One Earth 4(1): 10-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2020.12.016.
Sharma, N., Sinha, V.B., Arun Prem Kumar, N., Subrahmanyam, D., Neeraja, C.N., Kuchi, S., Jha, A., Parsad R. Sitaramam, V., and Raghuram, N. (2021). Nitrogen use efficiency phenotype and associated genes: Role of germination, flowering, root/shoot length and biomass. Front. Plant https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2020.587464/full
Pathak, R,R., Jangam, A.P., Malik, A., Sharma, N., Jaiswal, D.K. and Raghuram, N. (2020). Transcriptomic and network analyses reveal distinct nitrate responses in light and dark in rice leaves (Oryza sativa Indica var. Panvel1). Scientific Reports 10: 12228, https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-68917-z (PDF)
Kanter, D., Winiwarter, W., Bodirsky, B., Bouwman, L., Boyer, E., Buckle, S., Compton, J., Dalgaard, T., de vries, W., Leclère, D., Leip, A., Muller, C., Popp, A., Raghuram, N., Rao, S., Sutton, M., Tian, H., Westhoek, H., Zhang, X. and Zurek M. (2020). A framework for nitrogen futures in the shared socioeconomic pathways. Global Environmental Change (61: 102029 (PDF))
Raghuram, N. (2020). Nurturing growth with excellence: PMBP goes monthly in its Silver Jubilee year! Physiol. Mol. Biol. Plants 26(1): 1-2. (PDF)
Chakraborty, N., Kanyuka, K., Jaiswal, D.K., Kumar, A., Arora, V., Gupta, N., Hooley, R. and Raghuram, N. (2019). GCR1 and GPA1 coupling regulates nitrate, cell wall, immunity and light responses in Arabidopsis. Sci. Reports. 9:5838 (PDF)
Sharma, N., Kuchi, S., Singh, V. and Raghuram, N. (2019). Method for Preparation of Nutrient-depleted Soil for Determination of Plant Nutrient Requirements. Comm. Soil Sci. Plant Anal, 50:15, 1878-1886 (PDF)
Sharma, N., Sinha, V.B., Gupta, N., Rajpal, S., Kuchi, S., Sitaramam, V., Parsad R. and Raghuram, N. (2018). Phenotyping for nitrogen use efficiency (NUE): Rice genotypes differ in N-responsive germination, oxygen consumption, seed urease activities, root growth, crop duration and yield at low N. Front. Plant Sci. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01452. (PDF).
Raghuram, N. (2017). The pleasure of excellence-led growth and the pain of enforcing publishing ethics: the experience of PMBP. Physiol. Mol. Biol. Plants 23(1): 1-3. PDF)
Jangam, A.P., Pathak, R.R., and Raghuram, N. (2016). Microarray Analysis of Rice d1 (RGA1) Mutant Reveals the Potential Role of G-Protein Alpha Subunit in Regulating Multiple Abiotic Stresses Such as Drought, Salinity, Heat, and Cold. Front. Plant Sci. 7:11. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00011. (PDF)
Chakraborty, N., Singh, N., Kaur, K., and Raghuram, N. (2015). G-protein signalling components GCR1 and GPA1 mediate responses to multiple abiotic stresses in Arabidopsis. Front. Plant Sci.(Plant Physiol): 6:1000. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01000. (PDF)
Chakraborty, N., Sharma, P., Kanyuka, K., Pathak, R.R., Choudhary, D., Hooley, R. And Raghuram N.(2015). G-protein α-submit (GPA1) regulates stress, nitrate and phosphate response, flavrnoid biosynthesis, fruit/seed development & substantially shares GCR1 regulation in A.thaliana. Plant Mol. Biol. 89(6) 559-76. (PDF)
Abrol, Y.P., Raghuram N. And Aditya, T.K. (Guest Editors( (2015). Special Section on Sustainable Phosphorous management: The Indian scenario in a global context. Curr. Sci. 108(7): 1235-36. (PDF)
Chakraborty N, Sharma P, Kanyuka K, Pathak RR, Choudhury D, Hooley RA, and Raghuram, N. (2015). Transcriptome Analysis of Arabidopsis GCR1 Mutant Reveals Its Roles in Stress, Hormones, Secondary Metabolism and Phosphate Starvation. PLoS ONE 10 (2): e0117819. (doi:10.1371/journal.pone. 0117819) ( PDF )
Lochab, S., Kumar, P.A. and Raghuram, N . (2014). Molecular characterization of nitrate uptake and assimilatory pathway in Arthrospira platensis reveals nitrate induction and differential regulation. Archives Microbiol (196:385–394). (PDF)
Singh, S., Samal, A., Giri, V., Krishna, S., Raghuram, N . and Jain, S. (2013). Flux-based classification of reactions reveals a functional bow-tie organization of complex metabolic networks. Phys Rev. E. 87 (5), 052708-1 to 11. ( PDF )
Abrol, Y.P., Pandey, R., Raghuram, N . and Ahmad, A. (2012). N itrogen cycle sustainability and sustainable technologies for nitrogen fertilizer and energy management. J. Ind. Instt. Sci. 92 (1): 17-36. ( PDF )
Madhavi Y. and Raghuram, N . (2012) National vaccine policy in the era of vaccines seeking diseases and governments seeking public-private partnerships. Curr. Sci . 102 (4): 557-558. ( PDF )
Ali, A., Sivakami, S. and Raghuram N . (2010). Differential regulation of nitrate assimilatory enzymes by methionine sulfoximine in rice. J. Adv. Sci. Tech . 13 (3): 101-104 . ( PDF )
Madhavi Y. and Raghuram, N . (2010) Pentavalent and other new combination vaccines: Solutions in search of problems . Ind. J. Med. Res . 131: 456-457 (PDF)
Madhavi Y., Puliyel J.M., Mathew J.L, Raghuram, N ., Phadke, A., Shiva, M., Srinivasan, S., Paul, Y., Srivastava, R.N., Parthasarathy, A., Gupta, S., Ranga, U., Vijayalakshmi V., Joshi, N., Nath, I., Gulhati, C.M., Chatterjee, P., Jain, A., Priya, R., Dasgupta, R., Sridhar, S., Dabade, D., Gopakumar, K.M., Abrol, D., Santhosh, M.R., Srivastava, S., Visalakshi, S., Bhargava A., Sarojini, N.B., Sehgal, D., Selvaraj, S., Banerji, D. (2010) Evidence-based national vaccine policy . Ind. J. Med. Res . 131: 617-628 (PDF)
Lochab , S., Oberoi, H.S., Gothwal, M., Abbey, D. and Raghuram, N . (2009). Nitrate assimilatory enzymes of Spirulina (Arthospira) platensis are more thermotolerant than those of rice Physiol. Mol. Biol. Plants 15 : (3): 277-280 (PDF).
Pathak, R.R., Das, S.K., Choudhury, D., Raghuram, N . (2009). Genomewide bioinformatic analysis negates any specific role for Dof, GATA and Ag/cTCA motifs in nitrate responsive gene expression in Arabidopsis . Physiol. Mol. Biol. Plants 15 : 145-150 (PDF).
Ali, A., Jha, P. Sandhu, K.S. and Raghuram N. (2008). Spirulina nitrate assimilating enzymes (NR, NiR, GS) have higher specific activities and are more stabile than those of rice. Physiol. Mol. Biol. Plants. 14 (3): 179-182 . (PDF).
Abrol, Y.P. Raghuram, N. and Hoysall, C. (Guest Editors) (2008). Special issue on reactive nitrogen in Agriculture, Environment and Health. Curr. Sci. 94 (11): 1343-44. (PDF).
Pathak, R.R., Ahmad, A., Lochab. S. and Raghuram, N. (2008). Molecular physiology of plant N-use efficiency and biotechnological options for its enhancement. Curr. Sci. 94 (11): 1394-1403. (PDF).
Galloway, J.N., Raghuram, N. and Abrol, Y.P. (2008). A perspective on reactive nitrogen in global, Asian and Indian context. Curr. Sci. 94 (11): 1375-1381. (PDF).
Das, S.K., Pathak, R.R., Choudhury, D., and Raghuram, N. (2007). Genomewide computational analysis of nitrate response elements in rice and Arabidopsis. Mol. Genet. Genomics (PDF).
Jha, P., Ali, A. and Raghuram N. (2007). Nitrate-induction of nitrate reductase and its inhibition by nitrite and ammonium ions in Spirulina platensis. Physiol. Mol. Biol. Plants. 13 (2): 163-167. [PDF]
Singh, S., Samal, A., Giri, V., Krishna, S., Raghuram, N. and Jain, S. (2007). A universal power law and proportionate change process characterize the evolution of metabolic networks Eur. Phys. J. B. 57: 75-80. [PDF]
Ali, A., Sivakami, S. and Raghuram N. (2007). Effect of nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, glutamate, glutamine and 2-oxoglutarate on the RNA levels and enzyme activities of nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase in rice. Physiol. Mol. Biol. Plants. 13 (1): 17-25. [PDF]
Ali, A., Sivakami, S. and Raghuram N. (2007). Regulation of activity and transcript levels of NR in rice (Oryza sativa): Roles of protein kinase and G-protein. Plant Sci. 172: 406-413. [PDF]
Raghuram N. (2006). Editorial. Physiol. Mol. Biol. Plants. 12 (1). [PDF]
Samal, A., Singh, S., Giri, V., Krishna, S., Raghuram, N. and Jain, S. (2006). Low degree metabolites explain essential reactions and enhance modularity in biological networks. BMC Bioinformatics. 7: 118. [PDF]
Raghuram, N. (2004). Indian publishing. Enduring the boom. Trends Plant Sci. 9 (1): 9-12.[PDF]
Bhor, V.M., Raghuram, N. and Sivakami, S. (2004). Oxidative damage and altered antioxidant enzyme activities in the small intestine of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 36: 89-97.[PDF]
Limaye, P.V., Raghuram, N. and Sivakami, S. (2003). Oxidative stress and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes in the renal cortex of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Mol. Cell Biochem. 243 (1-2): 147-152.[PDF]
Raghuram, N. (2002). India joins the GM club. Trends Plant Sci. 7 (7): 322-323.[PDF]
Raghuram, N. (2002). Indian plant biology enters the biotechnology era. Trends Plant Sci. 7: 92-94.[PDF]
Raghuram, N., Chandok, M.R. and Sopory, S.K. (1999). Light regulation of nitrate reductase gene expression in maize involves a Gprotein. Mol. Cell Biol. Res. Commun. 2 (2): 86-90.[PDF]
Raghuram, N. and Sopory, S.K. (1999). Roles of nitrate, nitrite and ammonium in the phytochrome regulation of nitrate reductase gene expression in maize. Biochem. Mol. Biol. Intl. 47 (2): 239-249.[PDF]
Raghuram, N. and Madhavi,Y. (1996). India's declining ranking. Nature 383: 572. [PDF]
Raghuram, N. and Sopory, S.K. (1995). Light regulation of NR gene expression. Mechanism and signal-response coupling. Physiol. Mol. Biol. Plants 1:103-114.
Raghuram, N. and Sopory, S.K. (1995). Evidence for some common signal transduction events for opposite regulation of nitrate reductase and phytochrome-I gene expression by light. Plant Mol. Biol. 29:25-35. [PDF]
Sharma, A.K., Raghuram, N., Chandok, M.R., Das,R. and Sopory, S.K. (1994). Investigations on the nature of the phytochrome-induced transmitter for the regulation of nitrate reductase in etiolated leaves of maize. J. Exp. Bot. 45:485-490.
Bajpai, P., Sharma, A., Raghuram, N. and Bajpai, P.K. (1989). Whole cell immobilization for high stability in ethanol production. J. Microbial Biotechnol. 4(2): 87-92.
Bajpai, P., Sharma, A., Raghuram, N. and Bajpai, P.K. (1988). Rapid production of ethanol in high concentration by immobilized cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae through soya flour supplementation. Biotechnol. Lett. 10: 217-220.

BOOKS, BOOK CHAPTERS AND BOOK REVIEWS:

Jaiswal D. and Raghuram, N. (2024). Molecular Interventions for Improving Crop Nitrogen Use Efficiency: Trends, Opportunities and Challenges in Rice. In Improving nitrogen use efficiency in crop production, Ladha J.K. (Ed), Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, Cambridge, UK, ISBN:13: 9781801464703. Pp: 57-112 (PDF)
Yang, A., Carnell, E., Begho, T., Jain, N., Nayak, D., Panda, A. N., Bansal, S., Sandiliya, D., Pearson, C., Anik, A. R., Adhya, T. K., Raghuram, N., Skiba, U., Jeffery, R., Sutton, M. A., & Dragosits, U. (2024). Synthetic Nitrogen Fertiliser in South Asia: Production, Import, Export, and Use for Crops, South Asia Nitrogen Hub (SANH) Policy Brief. https://sanh.inms.international/policy/FertiliserPolicySupplement (PDF)
Adhya, T.K., Panda, A.N., Kaushik, H., Bansal, S., Raghuram, N., Ramachandran, R., Das, S., Tyagi, N., Yang, A. and Jeffery, R. (2023). India National Nitrogen Policy Report: Scientific Evidence, Current Initiatives and Policy Landscape. UKRI-GCRF South Asia Nitrogen Hub (SANH) Policy Paper 2, pp100. https://sanh.inms.international/sites/default/files/2023-11/nitrogen_policy_report.pdf
SACEP & SANH (2022) South Asian Regional Cooperation on Sustainable Nitrogen Management, Nitrogen Pollution in South Asia: Scientific Evidence, Current Initiatives and Policy Landscape, SANH Policy Paper PP1. https://sanh.inms.international/sites/default/files/2022-12/sacep_sanh_south_asia_regional_nitrogen_pollution_and_policy_report_2022.pdf (PDF)
Yang A.L, Adhya, T.K., Anik, A.R., Bansal, S., Carnell, E., Chowdhury, S., Das, S., Hassan R., Jayaweera, A., Jeffery R., Joshi, R., Kaushik, H., Khaleel, Z., Nayak, D., Nissanka, S., Panda, A., Pokhrel, A., Porter, S., Raghuram, N., Safi, Z., Sharmin, S., Sharna, S.C., Shazly, A., Sutton, M.A, Tomlinson, S., Tshering, D., & Watto, M.A. (2022). Nitrogen Pollution and Policy Responses In South Asia, SANH policy briefing. https://sanh.inms.international/sites/default/files/2022-06/sacep_sanh_policy_briefing_june_2022_0.pdf (PDF)
Raghuram, N. (2022). Recycling crop and animal waste is a win for green farming. Nature India. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d44151-022-00121-6. https://www.nature.com/articles/d44151-022-00121-6
Raghuram, N. Beig, G. (2021). Climate Change Is Not Just About Carbon, There Is Nitrogen Too! Outlook 12 Aug. https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/india-news-climate-change-is-not-just-about-carbon-there-is-nitrogen-too/391230
Raghuram, N. (2023). Reactive nitrogen in climate change, crop stress and sustainable agriculture. In Global Climate Change and Plant Stress Management, Singh, A., Ansari, MW., Tuteja, N. (Eds), Wiley (In Press) ISBN: 9781119858522, 1119858526.
Madan, B., Malik, A. and Raghuram, N. (2022). Crop nitrogen use efficiency for sustainable food security and climate change mitigation. In Plant Nutrition and Food Security in the Era of Climate Change, Kumar, V., Srivastava, A., Penna, S. (Eds), Elsevier, Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-822916-3. Pp. 47-72.
Raghuram, N., Schmidt, S., Aziz, T., Kant, S., Zhou, J., (Eds). (2022). Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Sustainable Nitrogen Management in Crop Plants. Frontiers Media SA., Lausanne, Switzerland. ISBN 978-2-88974-284-4. doi: 10.3389/978-2-88974-284-4
Sutton M.A., Mason, K., Bleeker, A., Hicks, K., Masso, C. Raghuram, N., Reis, S., Bekunda, M. (2020). Just Enough Nitrogen. Summary and synthesis of outcomes. In: Just Enough Nitrogen. Perspectives on how to get there for regions with too much and too little nitrogen, Sutton M. Mason, K., Bleeker, A., Hicks, K., Masso, C. Raghuram, N., Reis, S., Bekunda, M. (Eds), Springer. Cham. ISBN: 978-3-030-58064-3. Pp: 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58065-0_1.
Sinha, V.B., Jangam, A.P., and Raghuram, N. (2020). Biological determinants of crop N use efficiency and biotechnological avenues for improvement. In: Just Enough Nitrogen. Perspectives on how to get there for regions with too much and too little nitrogen, Sutton M. Mason, K., Bleeker, A., Hicks, K., Masso, C. Raghuram, N., Reis, S., Bekunda, M. (Eds), Springer, Cham. ISBN: 978-3-030-58064-3. Pp: 157-171. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58065-0_11.
Raghuram, N. Abrol, Y.P., Pathak, H.K. Adhya, T.K. and Tiwari, M.K. (2020). South Asian Nitrogen Centre: Capacity Building for Regional N assessment and management. In: Just Enough Nitrogen. Perspectives on how to get there for regions with too much and too little nitrogen, Sutton M. Mason, K., Bleeker, A., Hicks, K., Masso, C. Raghuram, N., Reis, S., Bekunda, M. (Eds), Springer, Cham. ISBN: 978-3-030-58064-3. Pp: 467-479. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58065-0_32.
Sutton, M.A; Howard, C.M; Brownlie, W.J; Kanter, D; de Vries, W; Adhya, T.K.; Ometto, J.P; Baron, J.S; Winiwarter, W; Ju, X; Masso, C; Oenema, O; Raghuram, N; van Grinsven, H.J.M; Van der Beck, I; Cox, C; Hansen, S.C.B; Ramachandran, R; Hicks, W.K. (2020). Global Challenges for Nitrogen Science-Policy Interactions: Towards the International Nitrogen Management System (INMS) and Improved Coordination Between Multi-lateral Environmental Agreements. In: Just Enough Nitrogen. Perspectives on how to get there for regions with too much and too little nitrogen, Sutton M. Mason, K., Bleeker, A., Hicks, K., Masso, C. Raghuram, N., Reis, S., Bekunda, M. (Eds), Springer, Cham. ISBN: 978-3-030-58064-3. Pp: 517-560. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58065-0_36.
Sutton M.A., Ebanyat, P., Raghuram, N., Bekunda, M. Tenywa, J.S., Winiwarter, W., Bleeker, A., Davidson, E.A., Erisman, J.W., deVries, W. Galloway, J.N., Heffer, P., Hicks, K., Masso, C., Pal,, C.A., Snyder, C.S., Vanlauwe, B., Zingore, S. and Delegates of the 6th International Nitrogen Conference, Kampala (2020). The Kampala Statement-for-Action on Reactive Nitrogen in Africa. In: Just Enough Nitrogen. Perspectives on how to get there for regions with too much and too little nitrogen, Sutton M. Mason, K., Bleeker, A., Hicks, K., Masso, C. Raghuram, N., Reis, S., Bekunda, M. (Eds), Springer nature Switzerland, ISBN: 978-3-030-58064-3. Pp: 583-593. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58065-0_38
Kumari, S and Raghuram, N. (2020). Protein phosphatases in N response and NUE in crops. In Protein phosphatases and stress management in plants: Functional genomic perspective, Pandey, GK (Ed), Springer (In press). (PDF)
Jaiswal, D.K. and Raghuram, N. (2019). Nutrient perception and signaling in plants. In Sensory Biology of plants, Sopory, SK (Ed) Springer Nature, Singapore. ISBN: 978-981-13-8921-4 Pp. 59-77 (PDF)
Raghuram, N. and Sharma, N. (2019). Improving Crop Nitrogen Use Efﬁciency. In Comprehensive Biotechnology, Vol. 4, Moo-Young, M., Ed., Elsevier:Pergamon; pp 211–220.(PDF)
Mandal, V., Sharma, N. and Raghuram, N. (2018). Molecular Targets for Improvement of Crop Nitrogen-Use Efficiency: Current and Emerging Options. In Engineering nitrogen utilization in crop plants, Shrawat, A, Zayed, A, Lightfoot, DA (Eds) Springer, ISBN: 978-3-319-92958-3. (PDF)
Mukhi, S. and Raghuram, N. (2019). Ethical practices in science outreach. In: Ethics in science education, research and governance, Muralidhar K., Ghosh, A., and Singhvi, AK (Eds), Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi. Pp: 97-102 (PDF)
Sutton, M.A., Raghuram, N., Adhya, T. et al. (2019). The Nitrogen Fix: From nitrogen cycle pollution to nitrogen circular economy. In: Frontiers 2018/19: Emerging Issues of Environmental Concern. United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi. Pp: 52-65 (PDF)
Abrol, Y. P., Adhya, T. K., Aneja, V. P., Raghuram, N., Pathak, H., Kulshrestha, U., Sharma, C. and Singh, B. (Eds) (2017). The Indian Nitrogen Assessment: Sources of Reactive Nitrogen, Environmental and Climate Effects, Management Options, and Policies, Elsevier, UK. ISBN: 978-0-12-811836-8. 538p.
Sutton, M. A., Drewer, J., Moring, A., Adhya, T., Ahmad A., Bhatia, A., Brownlie, W., Dragosits, U., Ghude, S. D., Hillier, J., Hooda, S., Howard, C. M., Jain, N., Kumar, D., Kumar, R. M., Nayak, D. R., Neeraja, C. N., Prasana, R., Price, A., Ramakrishnan, B., Reay, D., Singh, R., Skiba, U., Smith, J. U., Sohi, S., Subrahmanyan, D., Surekha, K., van Grinsven, H.J.M., Vieno, M., Voleti, S. R., Pathak, H. and Raghuram, N. (2017). The Indian nitrogen challenge in a global perspective. In: The Indian Nitrogen Assessment: Sources of Reactive Nitrogen, Environmental and Climate Effects, Management Options, and Policies..: Abrol, Y. P., Adhya, T. K., Aneja, V. P., Raghuram, N., Pathak, H., Kulshrestha, U., Sharma, C. and Singh, B. (Eds) Elsevier, UK. ISBN: 978-0-12-811836-8. Pp. 9-28
Bhattacharya, S., Adhya, T.K., Pathak, H., Raghuram, N. and Sharma C. (2017) Issues and Policies for Reactive Nitrogen Management. In: The Indian Nitrogen Assessment: Sources of Reactive Nitrogen, Environmental and Climate Effects, Management Options, and Policies..: Abrol, Y. P., Adhya, T. K., Aneja, V. P., Raghuram, N., Pathak, H., Kulshrestha, U., Sharma, C. and Singh, B. (Eds) Elsevier, UK. ISBN: 978-0-12-811836-8. Pp. 491-512
Jaiswal, D.K. and Raghuram, N. (2017). Annual Review of Plant Biology 2016. Curr. Sci
Sinha V.B., Jangam, A.P., and Raghuram N. (2016), Biological determinants of crop N use efficiency and biotechnological avenues for improvement. In Proceedings of the N2013, C. Masso, A. Bleeker, N. Raghuram, M. Bekunda, M. Sutton(Eds) Springer
Jangam, A.P., and Raghuram N. (2016), Nitrogen and stress. In Elucidation of abiotic stress signalling in plants: Functional genomic perspective Vol. 2, G.K. Pandey (Ed) Springer, DOI 10. 1007/978-i-4939-2540-7_12, pp 323-339 (PDF)
Chakraborty, N. and Raghuram, N. (2015). Annual Review of Plant Biology 2014. Curr. Sci. 109 (2): 367.
Chakraborty, N. and Raghuram, N. (2014). Annual Review of Plant Biology 2013. Curr. Sci. 106 (4): 614-616.
Sutton M.A., Bleeker A., Howard C.M., Bekunda M., Grizzetti B., de Vries W., van Grinsven H.J.M., Abrol Y.P., Adhya T.K., Billen G.,. Davidson E.A, Datta A., Diaz R., Erisman J.W., Liu X.J., Oenema O., Palm C., Raghuram N ., Reis S., Scholz R.W., Sims T., Westhoek H. & Zhang F.S. et al. (2013) Our Nutrient World: The challenge to produce more food and energy with less pollution. Global Overview of Nutrient Management . CEH, Edinburgh, on behalf of GPNM and INI. ISBN: 978-1-906698-40-9 ( PDF )
Sutton M.A., Bleeker A., Howard C.M., Erisman J.W., Abrol Y.P., Bekunda M., Datta A., Davidson E., de Vries W., Oenema O. Zhang F.S., Adhya T.K., Billen G., Bustamante M., Chen D., Diaz R., Galloway J.N., Garnier J., Greenwood S., Grizzetti B., Kilaparti R., Liu X.J., Palm C., Plocq Fichelet V., Raghuram N ., Reis. S., Roy A., Sachdev M., Sanders K., Scholz R.W., Sims T., Westhoek, H., Yan X.Y., Zhang Y. (2012) Our Nutrient World. The challenge to produce more food & energy with less pollution. Key Messages for Rio+20 . Published by Centre for Ecology & Hydrology on behalf of GPNM and INI. ISBN 978-1-906698-33-1 (PDF)
Raghuram, N. (2012). Research Assessment in India: Metrics and beyond . In Metrics Based Research Assessment and Evaulation . S.M. Dhawan, N.K. Khatri and A. Ratnakar (Eds), ISI-Delhi Centre, New Delhi, Pp. 1-5
Pathak, R.R.. Lochab, S., Raghuram, N. (2011). Improving nitrogen use efficiency . In Comprehensive Biotechnology , 2 nd Edition, Vol. 4, pp.209-218, Elsevier, Oxford . (PDF)
Chakraborty, N. and Raghuram, N. (2011). Nitrate sensing and signaling in genomewide plant N response . In Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Plants , V. Jain, P. Anandakumar (Eds) New India Publishing Agency, New Delhi . Pp.45-62 (PDF)""
Lochab, S., Ali, A. Jha, P., Sharma, V., Abbey, D., and Raghuram, N. ( 2010 ). Assay methods for nitrate assimilatory enzymes in Spirulina (Arthospira) . In Protocols in Algal Research , Bagchi, S.N. Mohanty, P. and Kleinber, D. (Eds). Narosa, New Delhi , Pp. 179-189 (PDF) ""
Chanakya, H.N., Khuntia, H., Malayil, S., Murthy, P. and Sharatchandra, H.C. (2010) Sustainable Nitrogen recovery from urban soild and liquid wastes. In ING Bulletins on Regional Assessment of Reactive Nitrogen, Bulletin No. 5, ( Ed. N. Raghuram ), SCON-ING, New Delhi, pp 1-30""
Adholeya A, Singh R and Pant, D (2010) Management of Solid Wastes in Agricultural Systems for Nitrogen Conservation in India, In ING Bulletins on Regional Assessment of Reactive Nitrogen, Bulletin No. 7, ( Ed. N. Raghuram ), SCON-ING, New Delhi, pp 1-35""
Dhar, D.W., Prasanna, R and Swarnalakshmi, K (2010) Harnessing the Nitrogen Fixing Potential of Cyanobacteria in Integrated Nutrient Management Strategies for Sustainable Agriculture, In ING Bulletins on Regional Assessment of Reactive Nitrogen, Bulletin No. 8, ( Ed. N. Raghuram ), SCON-ING, New Delhi, pp 1-31.""
Kumar D.M. (2010) Nitrogen in North India Ocean, In ING Bulletins on Regional Assessment of Reactive Nitrogen, Bulletin No. 10, ( Ed. N. Raghuram ), SCON-ING, New Delhi, pp 1-23""
Subbarao G.V., Nakahara K., Ishikawa T., Kishii M., Kudo N., Rao I.M., Ishitani M., Sahrawat K.L., Hash C.T., George T.S., Berry W., Lata J.C. and Ito O. (2010). Nitrification – IsIt a Strategic Point of Intervention for Limiting Nitrogen Losses from Agricultural Systems? – The Concept of Biological Nitrification Inhibition (BNI), In ING Bulletins on Regional Assessment of Reactive Nitrogen, Bulletin No. 13, ( Ed. N. Raghuram ), SCON-ING, New Delhi, pp 1-35
Singh, Y. Singh B. and Thind, H.S. (2010) Green manure approaches to crop production and sustainable agriculture. In ING Bulletins on Regional Assessment of Reactive Nitrogen, No. 14, ( Ed. N. Raghuram ), SCON-ING, New Delhi, pp 1-130
Gupta S., Gupta R.C., Gupta A.B., Prakasa Rao E.V.S., Puttanna K. And Singhvi a (2010) Pathophysiology of Nitrate Toxicity in Human and its Mitigation Measures. In ING Bulletins on Regional Assessment of Reactive Nitrogen (20), (Ed. N. Reghuram), SCON-ING, New Delhi, 78p
Pathak, R. R. and Raghuram, N. (2010). Annual Review of Plant Biology 2008. Curr. Sci . 98 (10): 1385-1386
Pathak, R. R. and Raghuram, N. (2008). Annual Review of Plant Biology. Curr. Sci . 94 (8): 1089-90 ""
Abrol, Y.P., Raghuram, N. and Sachdev, M.S. (Eds). (2007). Agricultural Nitrogen use & its Environmental Implications. IK International, Delhi . 552 p. [ PDF ]""
Raghuram, N. Sachdev, M.S. and Abrol, Y.P., (2007). Towards an integrative understanding of reactive nitrogen. In Agricultural Nitrogen use & its Environmental Implications, Y.P. Abrol, N. Raghuram and M.S. Sachdev (Eds). IK International, Delhi . Pp.1-6 [ PDF ] ""
Lochab, S. Pathak, R. R. and Raghuram, N. (2007). Molecular approaches for enhancement of nitrogen use efficiency in plants. In Agricultural Nitrogen use & its Environmental Implications, Y.P. Abrol, N. Raghuram and M.S. Sachdev (Eds). IK International, Delhi . Pp. 327-350 [ PDF ] ""
Raghuram, N. (2007). Confessions of an economic hit man. Combat Law 6 (6): 83-84 (PDF) ( also published on countercurrents.org ) ""
Sharma, P., Raghuram, N . (2007). Plant Micronutrients. Book Review, Curr. Sci. 92 (11): 1635. ""
Raghuram, N. (2006). Good teaching as an attitude. In Secrets of good teaching (Edited by V. Kirpal), ICFAI Books, ICFAI University Press, Hyderabad , pp, 135-14.65. [ PDF ]
Raghuram, N. Pathak R.R. and Sharma, P. (2006). Signalling and the molecular aspects of N-use efficiency in higher plants. In Biotechnological approaches to improve nitrogen use efficiency in plants, R.P. Singh and P.K. Jaiwal (Eds)., Studium Press LLC., Houston , Texas , USA . Pp. 19-40 [ PDF ]
Raghuram, N. (2003). Plant Biochemistry & Biotechnology Book Review, Curr. Sci . 85 (8): 1229-30.
Raghuram, N. and Madhavi, Y. (1999). Are Indian Scientists Losing in the World Publishing Race? In Emerging trends in Scientometrics (Edited by P.S. Nagpaul), Allied Publishers, New Delhi .
Raghuram, N. (1999). GMRT: The Big Bang of Indian technology: In Innovative India - Science and Technology Review (Edited by L.K. Sharma & Sima Sharma) Medialand, London . ""
Raghuram, N. (1999). NCL: The chemistry of success. In Innovative India - Science and Technology Review (Edited by L.K. Sharma & Sima Sharma) Medialand, London . ""
Raghuram, N. and Sohoni, S. (1998). History of Research in Hindustan Lever Ltd. 1958-1998. HLRC Publication, Mumbai. ""
Chandok, M.R., Raghuram, N. and Sopory, S.K. (1997). Deciphering the molecular events downstream of phytochrome photoactivation in nitrate reductase regulation in maize. In Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, K.K. Tewari and G.S. Singhal (Eds), Narosa Publishing House, London, pp.77-85. ""
Raghuram, N. (1996). Fighting to Break Free: The Politics of Essential Drugs. Down To Earth , Sept 30, 1996. ""
Sopory, S.K., Chandok, M.R. and Raghuram, N. (1995). Role of calcium, polyphosphoinositides and protein kinase C in light mediated cellular signal transduction in plants. SERC Research Highlights, Dept. of Science & Technology, New Delhi , pp.43-46. ""
Sharma, A.K., Raghuram, N. Chandok, M.R. and Sopory, S.K. (1993). Signal transduction in phytochrome regulation of nitrate reductase and nitrite regulation in maize. In Proceedings of the DAE symposium on Photosynthesis and Plant Molecular Biology (March 1993) Jawaharlal Nehru University , New Delhi , pp.171-177.

Microarray data submissions IN GEO (ncbi) ONLINE

Sharma, N. and Raghuram, N. (2019). Nitrate or urea responsive microarray in a pair of contrasting rice genotypes. GEO Acc. No. GSE140257
Jangam, A.P. and Raghuram N. (2015). Transcriptome profiling of rice G-alpha mutant and WT in response to nitrate treatment. GEO Acc. No. GSE62164
Chakraborty N, and Raghuram N (2012) Transcriptome profiling of Arabidopsis mutants lacking GPA1, GCR1 and a GPA1-GCR1 double mutant. GEO Acc. No: GSE40217
Sharma P, Bharadwaj, R, Pathak RR, Dwarkamath, BS, Raghuram N, Varshney, R. (2010) Global gene expression in head and neck squamous carcinoma (KB) cells treated with the combination of 2-DG + 6-AN followed by irradiation (2Gy) GEO Acc. No: GSE23989
Pathak, R.R. and Raghuram N (2010) Genetic analysis of the genome wide role of G-proteins in rice metabolism. GEO Acc. No: GSE20925
Pathak, R.R. and Raghuram N (2010) Genomewide effect of Cholera toxin and nitrate treatment in etiolated rice plants. GEO Acc. No: GSE20924
Sharma P, Pathak RR, Pillai B, Raghuram N (2010) Analysis of the effect of G-alpha or GPCR mutation on the Arabidopsis Transcriptome GEO Acc. no: GSE11435
Pathak, R.R. and Raghuram N (2009) Whole Genome Segregation of light and nitrate effect in rice plants GEO Acc. No: GSE 12940

SEQUENCE SUBMISSIONS IN GENBANK (NCBI) ONLINE

Kaur, J., Lochab, S., Raghuram, N . (2012) LysR family transcriptional regulator form Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis PCC 7345. GenBank accession number JX431863
Kaur, J., Lochab, S., Raghuram, N . (2012) P11 protein from Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis PCC 7345. GenBank accession number JX431864
Lochab, S., Kaur, J., Raghuram, N. (2012) ntcB (transcriptional regulator, LysR family) from Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis PCC 7345. GenBank accession number JX489170
Kaur, J., Lochab, S., Raghuram, N. (2012) ntcA (nitrogen regulator) gene from Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis PCC 7345. GenBank accession number JX489171
Lochab, S., Raghuram, N . (2010) Arthrospira platensis PCC 7345 nitrate/nitrite transporter-like gene, complete sequence; and nitrate reductase-like gene, partial sequence . GenBank accession number HM130915
Lochab, S., Raghuram, N . (2010) Arthrospira platensis PCC 7345 nitrite reductase gene , complete cds . GenBank accession number HM130916
Lochab, S., Raghuram, N . (2010) Arthrospira platensis PCC 7345 glutamine synthetase gene , complete cds . GenBank accession number HM130917
Lochab, S., Raghuram, N. (2010) Arthrospira platensis PCC 7345 glutamate synthase gene , partial cds . GenBank accession number HM130918
Lochab, S., Raghuram, N . (2010) Arthrospira platensis PCC 7345 glucosyl transferase family protein gene , complete cds. GenBank accession number GU197824
Lochab, S., Raghuram, N . (2009) Arthrospira platensis PCC 7345 nitrate transporter-like (nrtC) gene, partial sequence . GenBank accession number FJ763144
Lochab, S., Raghuram, N . (2009) Arthrospira platensis PCC 7345 nitrate transporter S gene, partial cds . GenBank accession number FJ664549
Lochab, S., Raghuram, N . (2008) Arthrospira platensis PCC 7345 nitrate transporter (nrt1) gene, partial cds . GenBank accession number FJ158615
Lochab, S., Raghuram, N . (2008) Arthrospira platensis PCC 7345 nitrate reductase (narB) gene, partial cds . GenBank accession number FJ158616
Lochab, S., Raghuram, N . (2008) Arthrospira platensis PCC 7345 nitrite reductase-like (nirA) gene, partial sequence . GenBank accession number FJ763143
Lochab, S., Raghuram, N . (2008) Arthrospira platensis PCC 7345 glutamine synthetase-like (glnA) gene, partial sequence . GenBank accession number FJ763145
Lochab, S., Raghuram, N . (2008) Arthrospira platensis PCC 7345 glutamate synthase (GOGAT) gene, partial cds . GenBank accession number FJ664548